How can gardeners integrate permaculture principles into their lawn and garden design to create a self-sustaining ecosystem?

ANSWER: Gardeners can integrate permaculture by layering plants in guilds, mimicking natural ecosystems to support each other. Replace lawns with edible groundcovers, use native species to attract pollinators, and install rain gardens for water management. Incorporate companion planting to deter pests, and create no-dig beds to preserve soil structure. Compost organic waste for soil health and use mulch to retain moisture. Design the space for minimal input but maximum yield, focusing on perennial plants and trees that provide food and habitat over the years.